What Is the Cause of Infertility?

Infertility is one of the most emotionally challenging conditions that many couples face today. In medical terms, infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. With changing lifestyles, stress, and underlying health issues, infertility has become increasingly common in both men and women.

Let’s understand the major causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of infertility — from the perspective of an expert Gynaecologist & Obstetrician Doctor in Kolkata, specializing in laparoscopic surgery and infertility management.

🌿 Causes of Infertility in Women

1. Ovulation Disorders
   Irregular or absent ovulation is one of the most common causes. Conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), hormonal imbalances, thyroid problems, or premature ovarian failure can interfere with egg release.

2. Blocked Fallopian Tubes
   Fallopian tube blockage often results from infections, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or previous surgeries. This prevents the egg and sperm from meeting.

3. Endometriosis
   A painful condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus. It can affect egg quality, fertilization, and implantation.

4. Uterine or Cervical Issues
   Fibroids, uterine polyps, or cervical mucus problems may hinder the movement of sperm or the implantation of embryos.

5. Age and Lifestyle Factors
   Fertility naturally declines with age, especially after 35. Smoking, excessive alcohol, stress, and being underweight or overweight also play a major role.

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👨‍⚕️ Causes of Infertility in Men

1. Low Sperm Count or Poor Sperm Quality
   Reduced sperm production or abnormal sperm shape/movement can make conception difficult.

2. Hormonal Imbalances
   Problems in testosterone or other reproductive hormones can affect sperm production.

3. Varicocele
   Swelling of veins within the scrotum can lead to lower sperm count and quality.

4. Infections & Genetic Factors
   Certain infections or genetic defects can cause permanent infertility in men.

5. Lifestyle and Environmental Factors
   Excessive heat exposure, smoking, drug use, and obesity all negatively affect sperm health.

⚠️ Symptoms of Infertility

Infertility often doesn’t show direct symptoms besides difficulty conceiving. However, you may notice:

• Irregular menstrual cycles or no periods at all

• Painful periods or intercourse

• Abnormal vaginal discharge

• Low libido in men or women

• Erectile dysfunction or ejaculation issues

If you experience these, it’s time to consult an experienced Gynaecologist & Obstetrician Doctor in Kolkata or an Infertility Specialist for proper guidance.

🔍 Diagnosis and Treatment

A proper diagnosis helps identify the exact cause and plan effective treatment. Common diagnostic methods include:

• Hormonal Blood Tests

• Ultrasound Scans (Pelvic/Transvaginal)

• Hysterosalpingography (HSG) to check fallopian tubes

• Semen Analysis

• Laparoscopy to detect endometriosis or pelvic issues

A Laparoscopic (Gynae) Surgeon in Kolkata can help diagnose and treat infertility through minimally invasive surgery. Laparoscopy is often used to remove cysts, fibroids, or blockages and improve fertility outcomes.

🌸 When to Seek Medical Help

You should seek consultation if:

• You’ve been trying to conceive for over a year (or 6 months if above 35).

• You have irregular or painful periods.

• You’ve had previous pelvic infections or surgeries.

• Your partner has semen abnormalities or reproductive issues.

💕 The Path to Parenthood

Modern medicine offers several options like ovulation induction, IUI (Intrauterine Insemination), IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), and advanced laparoscopic treatments. With expert care from a Gynaecologist & Obstetrician Doctor in Kolkata, many couples have successfully achieved parenthood.

Infertility is not the end of hope — it’s a medical condition that can be treated with the right diagnosis and care.

📍If You’re Looking for Expert Help

Consult a trusted Laparoscopic (Gynae) Surgeon & Infertility Specialist in Kolkata for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan. Early diagnosis and proper care can make all the difference in your journey to becoming parents.