From
ancient period to current date, the whole the style of Interior Designing has been
changing widely. Here we are going to unveil some rare style and art of
interior. So, let’s begin!!
Art
Deco
The Art Deco style began in Europe in the early
years of the 20th century, with the waning of Art Nouveau. The term "Art
Deco" was taken from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et
Industrials Modernes, a world's fair held in Paris in 1925. Art Deco rejected
many traditional classical influences in favour of more streamlined geometric
forms and metallic color. The Art Deco style influenced all areas of design,
especially interior design, because it was the first style of interior decoration
to spotlight new technologies and materials.
Art Deco style is mainly based on geometric shapes,
streamlining, and clean lines. The style offered a sharp, cool look of
mechanized living utterly at odds with anything that came before.
Art Deco rejected traditional materials of
decoration and interior design, opting instead to use more unusual materials
such as chrome, glass, stainless steel, shiny fabrics, mirrors, aluminium,
lacquer, inlaid wood, sharkskin, and zebra skin. The use of harder, metallic
materials was chosen to celebrate the machine age. These materials reflected
the dawning modern age that was ushered in after the end of the First World
War. The innovative combinations of these materials created contrasts that were
very popular at the time – for example the mixing together of highly polished
wood and black lacquer with satin and furs.The barber shop in the Austin Reed
store in London was designed by P. J. Westwood. It was soon regarded as the
trendiest barber shop in Britain due to its use of metallic materials.
The color themes of Art Deco consisted of metallic
color, neutral color, bright color, and black and white. In interior design,
cool metallic colors including silver, gold, metallic blue, charcoal grey, and
platinum tended to predominate.Serge Chermayeff, a Russian-born British
designer made extensive use of cool metallic colors and luxurious surfaces in
his room schemes. His 1930 showroom design for a British dressmaking firm had a
silver-grey background and black mirrored-glass wall panels.
Black and white was also a very popular color scheme
during the 1920s and 1930s. Black and white checkerboard tiles, floors and
wallpapers were very trendy at the time. As the style developed, bright vibrant
colors became popular as well.
Art Deco furnishings and lighting fixtures had a
glossy, luxurious appearance with the use of inlaid wood and reflective
finishes. The furniture pieces often had curved edges, geometric shapes, and
clean lines. Art Deco lighting fixtures tended to make use of stacked geometric
patterns.
Modern
Art
Modern design grew out of the decorative arts,
mostly from the Art Deco, in the early 20th century. One of the first to
introduce this style was Frank Lloyd Wright, who hadn't become hugely
popularized until completing the house called Falling water in the 1930s. Modern
art reached its peak in the 1950s and '60s, which is why designers and
decorators today may refer to modern design as being "mid-century."Modern
art does not refer to the era or age of design and is not the same as
contemporary design, a term used by interior designers for a shifting group of
recent styles and trends.
Arab
Materials
“Majlis painting”, also called nagash painting, is
the decoration of the majlis, or front parlor of traditional Arabic homes, in
the Asir province of Saudi Arabia and adjoining parts of Yemen. These wall
paintings, an arabesque form of mural or fresco, show various geometric designs
in bright colors: “Called 'nagash' in Arabic, the wall paintings were a mark of
pride for a woman in her house.”
The geometric designs and heavy lines seem to be
adapted from the area's textile and weaving patterns. “In contrast with the
sobriety of architecture and decoration in the rest of Arabia, exuberant color
and ornamentation characterize those of Asir. The painting extends into the
house over the walls and doors, up the staircases, and onto the furniture
itself. When a house is being painted, women from the community help each other
finish the job. The building then displays their shared taste and knowledge.
Mothers pass these on to their daughters. This artwork is based on a geometry
of straight lines and suggests the patterns common to textile weaving, with
solid bands of different colors. Certain motifs reappear, such as the
triangular mihrab or 'niche' and the palmette. In the past, paint was produced
from mineral and vegetable pigments. Cloves and alfalfa yielded green. Blue
came from the indigo plant. Red came from pomegranates and a certain mud.
Paintbrushes were created from the tough hair found in a goat's tail. Today,
however, women use modern manufactured paint to create new looks, which have
become an indicator of social and economic change."
Women in the Asir province often complete the
decoration and painting of the house interior. “You could tell a family’s
wealth by the paintings,” Um Abdullah says: “If they didn’t have much money,
the wife could only paint the motholath,” the basic straight, simple lines, in
patterns of three to six repetitions in red, green, yellow and brown.” When
women did not want to paint the walls themselves, they could barter with other
women who would do the work. Several Saudi women have become famous as majlis
painters, such as Fatima Abou Gahas.
The interior walls of the home are brightly painted
by the women, who work in defined patterns with lines, triangles, squares,
diagonals and tree-like patterns. “Some of the large triangles represent
mountains. Zigzag lines stand for water and also for lightning. Small
triangles, especially when the widest area is at the top, are found in
pre-Islamic representations of female figures. That the small triangles found
in the wall paintings in ‘Asir are called banat may be a cultural remnant of a
long-forgotten past.”
"Courtyards and upper pillared porticoes are principal
features of the best Nadjdi architecture, in addition to the fine incised
plaster wood (jiss) and painted window shutters, which decorate the reception
rooms. Good examples of plasterwork can often be seen in the gaping ruins of
torn-down buildings- the effect is light, delicate and airy. It is usually
around the majlis, around the coffee hearth and along the walls above where
guests sat on rugs, against cushions. Doughty wondered if this
"parquetting of jis", this "gypsum fretwork... all adorning and
unenclosed" originated from India. However, the Najd fretwork seems very
different from that seen in the Eastern Province and Oman, which are linked to
Indian traditions, and rather resembles the motifs and patterns found in
ancient Mesopotamia. The rosette, the star, the triangle and the stepped
pinnacle pattern of dadoes are all ancient patterns, and can be found all over
the Middle East of antiquity. Al-Qassim Province seems to be the home of this
art, and there it is normally worked in hard white plaster (though what you see
is usually begrimed by the smoke of the coffee hearth). In Riyadh, examples can
be seen in unadorned clay.
Thus,
it can be concluded that, the entire world of interior design is way more
bigger and wider than our thinking. There are lot more things that are yet to undiscover.
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